🧩 1. Requirement Gathering & Analysis


🎯 Goal:

Understand what needs to be built.

👥 Roles / Designations:

  • Business Analyst (BA)
  • Product Manager
  • Product Owner (in Agile)
  • Stakeholder / Client
  • Functional Consultant

🛠️ Technologies / Tools:

  • Documentation: Microsoft Word, Google Docs
  • Requirement tracking: Jira, Confluence
  • Wireframing: Figma, Balsamiq


🏗️ 2. System Design (High-Level & Low-Level)

🎯 Goal:

Define how the system will work.

👥 Roles:

  • Solution Architect
  • Software Architect
  • Technical Lead
  • UI/UX Designer

🛠️ Technologies:

  • Design tools: Lucid chart, Draw.io
  • UI/UX: Adobe XD, Figma
  • Architecture patterns: Microservices, Monolith, Serverless


💻 3. Development (Coding)

🎯 Goal:

Build the actual software.

👥 Roles:

  • Software Developer / Engineer
  • Frontend Developer
  • Backend Developer
  • Full Stack Developer

🛠️ Technologies:

Languages:

  • Java, Python, JavaScript, C#

Frontend:

  • React, Angular, Vue.js

Backend:

  • Spring Boot, Node.js, .NET

Databases:

  • MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB

Version Control:

  • Git, GitHub, GitLab


🧪 4. Testing (QA Phase)

🎯 Goal:

Ensure quality and find bugs.

👥 Roles:

  • QA Engineer
  • Test Engineer
  • Automation Tester
  • Performance Tester

🛠️ Technologies:

  • Manual Testing tools: TestRail
  • Automation: Selenium, Cypress
  • API Testing: Postman
  • Performance: JMeter


🚀 5. Deployment (Release)

🎯 Goal:

Release software to users.

👥 Roles:

  • DevOps Engineer
  • Release Manager
  • Build Engineer

🛠️ Technologies:

  • CI/CD: Jenkins, GitHub Actions
  • Containers: Docker
  • Orchestration: Kubernetes
  • Cloud: Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud


🛠️ 6. Maintenance & Support

🎯 Goal:

Fix issues and improve system.

👥 Roles:

  • Support Engineer
  • Maintenance Engineer
  • Site Reliability Engineer (SRE)

🛠️ Technologies:

  • Monitoring: Prometheus, Grafana
  • Logging: ELK Stack
  • Incident tracking: PagerDuty


🔄 Cross-Functional Roles (Across All Phases)

These roles work throughout the SDLC:

👥 Roles:

  • Project Manager
  • Scrum Master
  • Security Engineer
  • Data Engineer
  • DevOps Engineer

🛠️ Technologies:

  • Agile tools: Jira
  • Communication: Slack, Microsoft Teams


📌 Quick Summary Flow:

Requirement → Design → Development → Testing → Deployment → Maintenance